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This application note explores the fundamental OTDR principles that are key to understanding the specifications of this instrument.

This article presents a cost-effective solution for operators who transmit over fibers exhibiting high PMD, allowing them to upgrade parts of their high-dispersion fiber links, prior to upgrading thei...

This application note explores some key elements and measurement techniques specific to PON that are used by the PPM-350 Series to obtain the most accurate results.

This application note reviews the critical parameters (and the order in which they should be tested) and the general criteria for quality transmission.

This application note answers the top 10 questions one should ask before deploying SBCs.

This article demonstrates how OSNR can be derived, for each individual channel, from an optical spectrum measurement to obtain indirect information about the performance of these channels and hence of...

This application note explains why it is essential to analyze not only the circuit ofinterest, but the environment around the circuit when testing services.

This application note highlights the differences between the differential phase-shift method and the phase-shift method.

This application note demonstrates how linearity at the far end of an OTDR trace is very important to guarantee proper link loss, event loss and attenuation readings.

This application note focuses on the possible approaches to dealing with excess PMD and highlights the preferred one, from a cost-effective standpoint.