Test Solutions for 40 Gbit/s
40 Gbit/s systems favor technologies such as advanced modulation schemes (for instance differential phase-shift keying (DQPSK)), tunable and adaptive compensation approaches and Raman amplification. While the benefits mean higher transmission rates at greater distances, service providers need the proper tools for testing and troubleshooting in order to guarantee a successful transition and keep these powerful networks running efficiently at full capacity.
|
|
|
|
40 Gbit/s has drastically reduced chromatic dispersion (CD) tolerances compared to 10 Gbit/s. In addition, ROADM and low-noise amplifiers increase all optical distances. Only a phase-shift measurement method, which offers more than 900 test points in the C+L band, can guarantee accurate measurements. |
Housed in the FTB-400 platform, the
FTB-5800 Chromatic Dispersion Analyzer offers the speed,
accuracy and high performance required for testing CD. It can also
test through amplifiers. |
- Platform(s):
FTB-400
- Module:
FTB-5800
|
|
|
|
|
At 40 Gbit/s, polarization mode dispersion (PMD) proves more problematic than previously seen in lower speed networks. Second-order PMD, with CD-like impact, also has a considerable effect on network performance. |
Only one test method is fully recommended and offers precise
measurements of PMD in all network service provider environments:
the general interferometric approach. The
FTB-5500B PMD Analyzer employs this method for rapid testing. |
- Platform(s):
FTB-400
- Module: FTB-5500B
|
|
|
|
|
The spectral response of a 40 Gbit/s transmitter is far larger than that of 10 Gbit/s, depending on the modulation scheme, ripple, crosstalk and other problems that can be present. This can prove even more challenging when 10 Gbit/s and 40 Gbit/s are copropagating. |
For error-free transmission, the industry-leading
FTB-5240B Optical Spectrum Analyzer easily characterizes DWDM
signals, EDFAs, DFBs and spectral transmittance thanks to automated
tests. The FTB-5240B also has the industry`s best optical rejection
ratio at 12.5 GHz, as well as the sharpest bandwidth in field-ready
OSAs. |
- Platform(s):
FTB-400
- Module: FTB-5240B
|
|
|
|
| 40 Gbit/s technology is economically viable for long-distance, low-noise systems. This is only achievable, however, through the use of flat, low-noise amplifiers. As such, Raman amplification may be present in several 40 Gbit/s systems. Multipath interference, which produces in-band noise, can be a serious obstacle for Raman deployment. |
The convenient, lightweight handheld
MPI-800 Multipath Interference Meter combines a transmitter and
a receiver, while integrating an MPI meter, a power meter and a
light source for complete system characterization. |
|
|
|
|
| As 40 Gbit/s networks introduce lower dispersion tolerances, more devices will need to be installed to compensate for this. Accordingly, networks will contain more splicing and connection points, resulting in increased insertion loss (IL) and optical return loss (ORL). The essential task of link characterization requires an exhaustively precise OTDR in order to locate faulty splices and/or connection points from a single-end test. |
The FTB-7000
Series delivers matchless precision and
speed for characterizing those critical links. A single OTDR module
can perform multiple-wavelength testing by combining
triple-wavelength capability. Along with the industry`s shortest
dead
zones, the FTB-7300, 7400, 7500 and 7600 series boasts a highly optimized,
lightning-fast trace acquisition routine in 45 seconds. |
|